Type 1 Sewerage System

Type 1 Sewerage System is the simplest way to treat and dispose of domestic wastewater.

Treatment of the sewage is by way of a simple 2 chamber septic tank (1), an outlet filter (2), and possibly a pump chamber (3), if the dispersal area is higher than the house plumbing and septic tank. The filtered effluent is than dispersed into the ground using a number of perforated pipes (4), in gravel or chamber trenches.

Pros: 

• Least expensive to install

• Low amount of maintenance

• Low operating cost

Cons:

• Requires a large area for dispersal

• Requires a larger setback from surface water

Type 2 and Type 3 Sewerage Systems

Types 2 and 3 Sewerage Systems are typically prescribed for properties with constraints that don’t allow a Type 1. The constraints could be poor soils, a small available area for dispersal or limited setbacks from boundaries, buildings or a lake or stream.

A Type 2 system has a primary treatment using a septic settling tank (1), a secondary treatment using some type of aeration and/or filtration (2) , a pump system (3) and a dispersal field (4)

A Type 3 is an increased level of treatment to further reduce solids and kill bacteria.

Pros: 

• Reduced area required

• Relaxed setbacks in some cases

Cons:

• Usually requires electricity to operate

• Higher operation and maintenance costs

• Expensive to install